Nucleic acid aptamers are species of
nucleic acid that are engineered in in vitro selection or SELEX i.e. systematic
evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. Aptamers bind different
molecular targets such as proteins, nucleic acids, cells, organisms and other
molecules and assist in molecular recognition of certain characters that fight
antibodies. Aptamers have remarkable advantage over antibodies as they can be
easily produced through chemical synthesis and can be engineered in vitro.
Aptamers are commonly developed as ligands offering molecular recognition
properties that rival those of antibodies. Aptamers are also developed as
binding molecules for small molecules, viruses, toxins and also metal ions. In
therapeutics, aptamers are used as sensors to monitor cellular processes and as
a guide for drugs to reach their target.
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The overall nucleic acid aptamers market
can be classified on the basis of types of technologies used, and the
applications of such aptamers in diagnostics and therapeutics. The major
enabling technologies in this segment are oligonucleotide synthesis,
nanoparticles and quantum dot labels, modified oligonudcleotides, surface
plasmon resonance and biolayer inferometry, bioinformatics and next generation
sequencing. The applications of aptamers are categorized as diagnostics and
therapeutics. The diagnostics segment is further classified as application in
human clinical diagnostic assays, environmental monitoring and veterinary
diagnostics. The therapeutics market is classified on the basis of the
currently available aptamer drugs, the various conditions targeted by aptamer
drugs, drug delivery in cancer therapy, and use of aptamers in modification of
surgical implants.
Some of the major players in the
nucleic acid aptamer market are Araxis Kits, LLC, Aptagen, LLC, Aptamer
Sciences, Inc., Cytogenix Inc., Envirologix, Inc., Mitsui & Co. Inc., Quest
Diagnostics and others.
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